各种合规要求中都对用户策略有着要求，什么PCI啊，上市审计啊，都有着密码复杂程度的要求：
CentOS 7 的用户密码策略：
修改vi /etc/pam.d/system-auth
其中有一行：
1password requisite pam_pwquality.so try_first_pass local_users_only retry=3 authtok_type=
后面加上：
1minlen=12 lcredit=-1 ucredit=-1 dcredit=-1 ocredit=-1 enforce_for_root
修改成为：
1password requisite pam_pwquality.so try_first_pass local_users_only retry=3 authtok_type= minlen=12 lcredit=-1 ucredit=-1 dcredit=-1 ocredit=-1 enforce_for_root
意思是：
1密码长度12，须包含：一个小写字符，一个大写字符，一个数字，一个特殊字符，强制root也遵守此规则
参数全部解释如下：
1retry=3: This option will prompt the user 3 times before exiting and returning an error.
2minlen=12: This specifies that the password cannot be less than 12 characters.
3maxrepeat=3: This allows implies that only a maximum of 3 repeated characters can be included in the password.
4ucredit=-1: The option requires at least one uppercase character in the password.
5lcredit=-1: The option requires at least one lowercase character in the password.
6dcredit=-1: This implies that the password should have at last a numeric character.
7ocredit=-1: The option requires at least one special character included in the password.
8difok=3: This implies that only a maximum of 3 character changes in the new password should be present in the old password.
9reject_username: The option rejects a password if it consists of the username either in its normal way or in reverse.
10enforce_for_root: This ensures that the password policies are adhered to even if it’s the root user configuring the passwords.
